module-based literate programming

content/programming/blog/tairu.tree

@@ -270,38 +270,42 @@ styles = ["tairu.css"]
             % id = "01HPQCCV4R557T2SN7ES7Z4EJ7"
             - we can verify this logic with a bit of code; with a bit of luck, we should be able to narrow down our tileset into something a lot more manageable.
 
+                % id = "01HPSY4Y19NQ6DZN10BP1KQEZN"
                 + we'll start off by defining a bunch of variables to represent our ordinal directions:
 
                 ```javascript ordinal-directions
-                const E = 0b00000001;
+                export const E = 0b0000_0001;
-                const SE = 0b00000010;
+                export const SE = 0b0000_0010;
-                const S = 0b00000100;
+                export const S = 0b0000_0100;
-                const SW = 0b00001000;
+                export const SW = 0b0000_1000;
-                const W = 0b00010000;
+                export const W = 0b0001_0000;
-                const NW = 0b00100000;
+                export const NW = 0b0010_0000;
-                const N = 0b01000000;
+                export const N = 0b0100_0000;
-                const NE = 0b10000000;
+                export const NE = 0b1000_0000;
-                const ALL = E | SE | S | SW | W | NW | N | NE;
+                export const ALL = E | SE | S | SW | W | NW | N | NE;
                 ```
 
                 as I've already said, we represent each direction using a single bit.
 
+                    % id = "01HPSY4Y19AW70YX8PPA7AS4DH"
                     - I'm using JavaScript by the way, because it's the native programming language of your web browser. read on to the end of this tangent to see why.
 
+                % id = "01HPSY4Y19HPNXC54VP6TFFHXN"
                 - now I don't know about you, but I find the usual C-style way of checking whether a bit is set extremely hard to read, so let's take care of that:
 
                 ```javascript ordinal-directions
-                function isSet(integer, bit) {
+                export function isSet(integer, bit) {
                     return (integer & bit) == bit;
                 }
                 ```
 
+                % id = "01HPSY4Y1984H2FX6QY6K2KHKF"
                 - now we can write a function that will remove the aforementioned redundancies.
                 the logic is quite simple - for southeast, we only allow it to be set if both south and east are also set, and so on and so forth.
 
                 ```javascript ordinal-directions
                 // t is a tile index; variable name is short for brevity
-                function removeRedundancies(t) {
+                export function removeRedundancies(t) {
                     if (isSet(t, SE) && (!isSet(t, S) || !isSet(t, E))) {
                         t &= ~SE;
                     }
@@ -318,10 +322,11 @@ styles = ["tairu.css"]
                 }
                 ```
 
+                % id = "01HPSY4Y19HWQQ9XBW1DDGW68T"
                 - with that, we can find a set of all unique non-redundant combinations:
 
                 ```javascript ordinal-directions
-                function ordinalDirections() {
+                export function ordinalDirections() {
                     let unique = new Set();
                     for (let i = 0; i <= ALL; ++i) {
                         unique.add(removeRedundancies(i));
@@ -330,11 +335,13 @@ styles = ["tairu.css"]
                 }
                 ```
 
+                    % id = "01HPSY4Y19KG8DC4SYXR1DJJ5F"
                     - by the way, I find it quite funny how JavaScript's [`Array.prototype.sort`] defaults to ASCII ordering *for all types.*
                     even numbers! ain't that silly?
 
                     [`Array.prototype.sort`]: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/sort
 
+                % id = "01HPSY4Y19V62YKTGK3TTKEB38"
                 - and now it's time to _Let It Cook™_:
 
                 ```javascript ordinal-directions
@@ -346,18 +353,62 @@ styles = ["tairu.css"]
                 47
                 ```
 
+                    % id = "01HPSY4Y194DYYDGSAT83MPQFR"
                     - forty seven! that's how many unique tiles we actually need.
 
+                    % id = "01HPSY4Y19C303Z595KNVXYYVS"
                     - you may find pixel art tutorials saying you need forty *eight* and not forty *seven*, but that is not quite correct -
                     the forty eighth tile is actually just the empty tile! saying it's part of the tileset is quite misleading IMO.
 
+                    % id = "01HPSY4Y19TM2K2WN06HHEM3D0"
                     - phew... the nesting's getting quite unwieldy, let's wrap up this tangent and return back to doing some bitwise autotiling!
 
+        % id = "01HPSY4Y192FZ37K3KXZM90K9J"
         - so in reality we actually only need 47 tiles and not 256 - that's a whole lot less, that's 81.640625% less tiles we have to draw!
 
+            % id = "01HPSY4Y19HEBWBTNMDMM0AZSC"
             - and it's even possible to autogenerate most of them given just a few smaller 4x4 pieces - but for now, let's not go down that path.\
             maybe another time.
 
+        - so we only need to draw 47 tiles, but to actually display them in a game we still need to pack them into an image.
+
+        - we *could* use a similar approach to the 16 tile version, but that would leave us with lots of wasted space!
+
+            - think that with this redundancy elimination approach most of the tiles will never even be looked up by the renderer, because the bit combinations will be collapsed into a more canonical form before the lookup.
+
+        - we could also use the approach I mentioned briefly [here][branch:01HPQCCV4RB65D5Q4RANJKGC0D], which involves introducing a lookup table - which sounds reasonable, so let's do it!
+
+        - I don't want to write the lookup table by hand, so let's generate it! I'll reuse the redundancy elimination code from before to make this easier.
+
+            - we'll start by obtaining our ordinal directions array again:
+
+            ```javascript ordinal-directions
+            export let xToConnectionBitSet = ordinalDirections();
+            ```
+
+            - then we'll turn that array upside down... in other words, invert the index-value relationship, so that we can look up which X position in the tile strip to use for a specific connection combination.
+
+            remember that our array has only 256 values, so it should be pretty cheap to represent using a `Uint8Array`:
+
+            ```javascript ordinal-directions
+            export let connectionBitSetToX = new Uint8Array(256);
+            for (let i = 0; i < xToConnectionBitSet.length; ++i) {
+                connectionBitSetToX[xToConnectionBitSet[i]] = i;
+            }
+            ```
+
+            - and there we go! we now have a mapping from our bitset to positions within the tile strip. try to play around with the code example to see which bitsets correspond to which position!
+
+            ```javascript ordinal-directions
+            console.log(connectionBitSetToX[E | SE | S]);
+            ```
+            ```output ordinal-directions
+            4
+            ```
+
+            TODO: The value from the previous output should not leak into this one. how do we do this? do we emit extra `pushMessage` calls inbetween the editors so that they know when to end?
+            maybe use a `classic` context instead of a module? or maybe have a way of sharing data between outputs? (return value?)
+
 % id = "01HPD4XQPWT9N8X9BD9GKWD78F"
 - bitwise autotiling is a really cool technique that I've used in plenty of games in the past.
 
@@ -423,6 +474,7 @@ styles = ["tairu.css"]
             % id = "01HPD4XQPWP847T0EAM0FJ88T4"
             - then vines
 
+    % id = "01HPSY4Y19FA2HGYE4F3Y9NJ57"
     - well... it's even simpler than that in terms of graphical presentation, but we'll get to that.
 
     % id = "01HPD4XQPWK58Z63X6962STADR"

crates/treehouse/src/html/markdown.rs

@@ -240,8 +240,12 @@ where
                             program_name,
                         } => {
                             self.write(match kind {
-                                LiterateCodeKind::Input => "<th-literate-editor ",
+                                LiterateCodeKind::Input => {
-                                LiterateCodeKind::Output => "<th-literate-output ",
+                                    "<th-literate-program data-mode=\"input\" "
+                                }
+                                LiterateCodeKind::Output => {
+                                    "<th-literate-program data-mode=\"output\" "
+                                }
                             })?;
                             self.write("data-program=\"")?;
                             escape_html(&mut self.writer, program_name)?;
@@ -368,14 +372,7 @@ where
             Tag::CodeBlock(kind) => {
                 self.write(match kind {
                     CodeBlockKind::Fenced(language) => match CodeBlockMode::parse(&language) {
-                        CodeBlockMode::LiterateProgram {
+                        CodeBlockMode::LiterateProgram { .. } => "</th-literate-program>",
-                            kind: LiterateCodeKind::Input,
-                            ..
-                        } => "</th-literate-editor>",
-                        CodeBlockMode::LiterateProgram {
-                            kind: LiterateCodeKind::Output,
-                            ..
-                        } => "</th-literate-output>",
                         _ => "</code></pre>",
                     },
                     _ => "</code></pre>\n",

static/css/main.css

@@ -171,8 +171,7 @@ h4 {
 pre,
 code,
 kbd,
-th-literate-editor,
+th-literate-program {
-th-literate-output {
     --recursive-mono: 1.0;
     --recursive-casl: 0.0;
     --recursive-slnt: 0.0;
@@ -213,13 +212,13 @@ body {
 /* Make code examples a little prettier by giving them visual separation from the rest of the page */
 
 code,
-th-literate-editor {
+th-literate-program {
     padding: 3px 4px;
     background-color: var(--shaded-background);
     border-radius: 4px;
 }
 
-th-literate-editor,
+th-literate-program,
 th-literate-output {
     display: block;
 }
@@ -231,8 +230,7 @@ kbd {
 }
 
 pre,
-th-literate-editor,
+th-literate-program {
-th-literate-output {
     padding: 8px 12px;
     margin: 12px 0;
     background-color: var(--shaded-against-background);
@@ -241,22 +239,20 @@ th-literate-output {
     transition: background-color var(--transition-duration);
 }
 
-th-literate-editor,
+th-literate-program {
-th-literate-output {
     white-space: pre;
 }
 
 .tree summary:hover {
 
     & pre,
-    & th-literate-editor,
+    & th-literate-program {
-    & th-literate-output {
         background-color: var(--shaded-against-background-twice);
     }
 }
 
 pre>code,
-th-literate-output>code {
+th-literate-program>code {
     padding: 0;
     background: none;
     border-radius: 0px;
@@ -518,13 +514,13 @@ img[is="th-emoji"] {
 
 /* Literate programming support */
 
-th-literate-editor {
+th-literate-program[data-mode="input"] {
     /* Override the cursor with an I-beam, because the editor captures clicks and does not bubble
        them back up to the caller */
     cursor: text;
 }
 
-th-literate-output {
+th-literate-program[data-mode="output"] {
     position: relative;
 
     & code {

static/js/components/literate-programming.js

@@ -5,74 +5,68 @@ let literatePrograms = new Map();
 function getLiterateProgram(name) {
     if (literatePrograms.get(name) == null) {
         literatePrograms.set(name, {
-            editors: [],
+            frames: [],
             onChanged: [],
+
+            outputCount: 0,
+
+            nextOutputIndex() {
+                let index = this.outputCount;
+                ++this.outputCount;
+                return index;
+            }
         });
     }
     return literatePrograms.get(name);
 }
 
-function getLiterateProgramSourceCode(name) {
+function getLiterateProgramWorkerCommands(name) {
-    let sources = [];
+    let commands = [];
     let literateProgram = getLiterateProgram(name);
-    for (let editor of literateProgram.editors) {
+    for (let frame of literateProgram.frames) {
-        sources.push(editor.textContent);
+        if (frame.mode == "input") {
+            commands.push({ kind: "module", source: frame.textContent });
+        } else if (frame.mode == "output") {
+            commands.push({ kind: "output", expected: frame.textContent });
+        }
     }
-    return sources.join("\n");
+    return commands;
 }
 
-class LiterateEditor extends HTMLElement {
+class InputMode {
-    constructor() {
+    constructor(frame) {
-        super();
+        this.frame = frame;
-    }
 
-    connectedCallback() {
+        this.codeJar = CodeJar(frame, InputMode.highlight);
-        this.literateProgramName = this.getAttribute("data-program");
-        getLiterateProgram(this.literateProgramName).editors.push(this);
-
-        this.codeJar = CodeJar(this, LiterateEditor.highlight);
         this.codeJar.onUpdate(() => {
-            let literateProgram = getLiterateProgram(this.literateProgramName);
+            for (let handler of frame.program.onChanged) {
-            for (let handler of literateProgram.onChanged) {
+                handler(frame.programName);
-                handler(this.literateProgramName);
             }
         })
 
-        this.addEventListener("click", event => event.preventDefault());
+        frame.addEventListener("click", event => event.preventDefault());
     }
 
-    static highlight(editor) {
+    static highlight(frame) {
         // TODO: Syntax highlighting
     }
 }
 
-customElements.define("th-literate-editor", LiterateEditor);
+class OutputMode {
-
+    constructor(frame) {
-function debounce(callback, timeout) {
-    let timeoutId = 0;
-    return (...args) => {
-        clearTimeout(timeout);
-        timeoutId = window.setTimeout(() => callback(...args), timeout);
-    };
-}
-
-class LiterateOutput extends HTMLElement {
-    constructor() {
-        super();
-
         this.clearResultsOnNextOutput = false;
-    }
 
-    connectedCallback() {
+        this.frame = frame;
-        this.literateProgramName = this.getAttribute("data-program");
+
+        this.frame.program.onChanged.push(_ => this.evaluate());
+        this.outputIndex = this.frame.program.nextOutputIndex();
+
         this.evaluate();
-
-        getLiterateProgram(this.literateProgramName).onChanged.push(_ => this.evaluate());
     }
 
-    evaluate = () => {
+    evaluate() {
         // This is a small bit of debouncing. If we cleared the output right away, the page would
-        // jitter around irritatingly
+        // jitter around irritatingly.
         this.clearResultsOnNextOutput = true;
 
         if (this.worker != null) {
@@ -80,23 +74,23 @@ class LiterateOutput extends HTMLElement {
         }
         this.worker = new Worker(`${TREEHOUSE_SITE}/static/js/components/literate-programming/worker.js`, {
             type: "module",
-            name: `evaluate LiterateOutput ${this.literateProgramName}`
+            name: `evaluate LiterateOutput ${this.frame.programName}`
         });
 
         this.worker.addEventListener("message", event => {
             let message = event.data;
             if (message.kind == "evalComplete") {
                 this.worker.terminate();
-            } else if (message.kind == "output") {
+            } else if (message.kind == "output" && message.outputIndex == this.outputIndex) {
                 this.addOutput(message.output);
             }
         });
 
         this.worker.postMessage({
             action: "eval",
-            input: getLiterateProgramSourceCode(this.literateProgramName),
+            input: getLiterateProgramWorkerCommands(this.frame.programName),
         });
-    };
+    }
 
     addOutput(output) {
         if (this.clearResultsOnNextOutput) {
@@ -112,10 +106,13 @@ class LiterateOutput extends HTMLElement {
         line.classList.add("output");
         line.classList.add(output.kind);
 
-        line.textContent = output.message.map(x => {
+        // One day this will be more fancy. Today is not that day.
-            if (typeof x === "object") return JSON.stringify(x);
+        line.textContent = output.message
-            else return x + "";
+            .map(x => {
-        }).join(" ");
+                if (typeof x === "object") return JSON.stringify(x);
+                else return x + "";
+            })
+            .join(" ");
 
         if (output.kind == "result") {
             let returnValueText = document.createElement("span");
@@ -124,12 +121,30 @@ class LiterateOutput extends HTMLElement {
             line.insertBefore(returnValueText, line.firstChild);
         }
 
-        this.appendChild(line);
+        this.frame.appendChild(line);
     }
 
     clearResults() {
-        this.replaceChildren();
+        this.frame.replaceChildren();
     }
 }
 
-customElements.define("th-literate-output", LiterateOutput);
+class LiterateProgram extends HTMLElement {
+    connectedCallback() {
+        this.programName = this.getAttribute("data-program");
+        this.program.frames.push(this);
+
+        this.mode = this.getAttribute("data-mode");
+        if (this.mode == "input") {
+            this.modeImpl = new InputMode(this);
+        } else if (this.mode == "output") {
+            this.modeImpl = new OutputMode(this);
+        }
+    }
+
+    get program() {
+        return getLiterateProgram(this.programName);
+    }
+}
+
+customElements.define("th-literate-program", LiterateProgram);

static/js/components/literate-programming/worker.js

@@ -1,26 +1,50 @@
-console = {
+let outputIndex = 0;
+
+let debugLog = console.log;
+
+globalThis.console = {
     log(...message) {
         postMessage({
             kind: "output",
             output: {
                 kind: "log",
                 message: [...message],
-            }
+            },
+            outputIndex,
         });
     }
 };
 
-addEventListener("message", event => {
+async function withTemporaryGlobalScope(callback) {
+    let state = {
+        oldValues: {},
+        set(key, value) {
+            this.oldValues[key] = globalThis[key];
+            globalThis[key] = value;
+        }
+    };
+    await callback(state);
+    for (let key in state.oldValues) {
+        globalThis[key] = state.oldValues[key];
+    }
+}
+
+addEventListener("message", async event => {
     let message = event.data;
     if (message.action == "eval") {
+        outputIndex = 0;
         try {
-            let func = new Function(message.input);
+            await withTemporaryGlobalScope(async scope => {
-            let result = func.apply({});
+                for (let command of message.input) {
-            postMessage({
+                    if (command.kind == "module") {
-                kind: "output",
+                        let blobUrl = URL.createObjectURL(new Blob([command.source], { type: "text/javascript" }));
-                output: {
+                        let module = await import(blobUrl);
-                    kind: "result",
+                        for (let exportedKey in module) {
-                    message: [result],
+                            scope.set(exportedKey, module[exportedKey]);
+                        }
+                    } else if (command.kind == "output") {
+                        ++outputIndex;
+                    }
                 }
             });
         } catch (error) {
@@ -29,7 +53,8 @@ addEventListener("message", event => {
                 output: {
                     kind: "error",
                     message: [error.toString()],
-                }
+                },
+                outputIndex,
             });
         }
 

static/js/tairu/tairu.js

@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ export class TileEditor extends Frame {
         this.tileSize = parseInt(this.getAttribute("data-tile-size"));
 
         let tilemapId = this.getAttribute("data-tilemap-id");
-        console.log(tilemapRegistry);
         if (tilemapId != null) {
             this.tilemap = tilemapRegistry[this.getAttribute("data-tilemap-id")];
         } else {
@@ -188,5 +187,3 @@ export class TileEditor extends Frame {
     }
 }
 defineFrame("tairu-editor", TileEditor);
-
-console.log("tairu editor loaded");

static/js/tree.js

@@ -163,15 +163,12 @@ function expandDetailsRecursively(element) {
 }
 
 function navigateToPage(page) {
-    console.log(page);
     window.location.pathname = `${page}.html`
 }
 
 async function navigateToBranch(fragment) {
     if (fragment.length == 0) return;
 
-    console.log(`nagivating to branch: ${fragment}`);
-
     let element = document.getElementById(fragment);
     if (element !== null) {
         // If the element is already loaded on the page, we're good.
@@ -179,7 +176,6 @@ async function navigateToBranch(fragment) {
         rehash();
     } else {
         // The element is not loaded, we need to load the tree that has it.
-        console.log("element is not loaded");
         let parts = fragment.split(':');
         if (parts.length >= 2) {
             let [page, _id] = parts;
@@ -189,7 +185,6 @@ async function navigateToBranch(fragment) {
                 // navigation maps with roots other than index. Currently though only index is
                 // generated so that doesn't matter.
                 let [_root, ...path] = fullPath;
-                console.log(`_root: ${_root}, path: ${path}`)
                 if (path !== undefined) {
                     let isNotAtIndexHtml =
                         window.location.pathname != "" &&